HIV Archives - Nancy Wesson Consulting

LABE Tackling Spread of HIV/AIDS through Education

Nancy — Wed, 27 Mar 2013 19:08:15 +0000

By Nancy Wesson, LABE Program, Advisor/Peace Corps Volunteer.

An estimated 34 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in Africa and 59 per cent of those above the age of 15 are women. Of that 34 million, roughly 10 per cent are children below the age of 14¹ Women and girls are physiologically two to four times more susceptible to HIV infection as compared to men and boys². Furthermore, “Adolescent girls aged 15-19 are six times more likely to be HIV positive compared to boys the same age³”

Disproportionate numbers

The staggeringly disproportionate number of females infected with the HIV virus as opposed to males has been shown to be related not only to physiological factors, but points directly the power disparity resulting from cultural attitudes as well as income and educational status. These figures relate to sub-Saharan Africa in general and Uganda is no different in this regard, except that it has gone a step farther in bringing the AIDS pandemic under control. In Uganda, studies show that married women now find themselves more vulnerable due to cultural practices like polygamy, a fact that increases the risk of exposure to HIV/AIDS.

Impact of Education

Furthermore, in a study specific to Uganda 4, there was a consistent finding between educational levels and domestic violence: the higher the educational attainment and control over their resources, the more protected women were from domestic violence, which was also related to the presence of drugs and alcohol.

However, in rural areas, where the attitudes toward education are still evolving, educational level actually provoked abuse. The literature is rife with evidence highlighting the relationship connecting domestic violence, drugs and alcohol and gender power imbalances all of which contribute to the spread of HIV/AIDS. So what is the solution?

Integrated Solutions Needed

The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and a multitude of other organizations working in the areas of gender and children recommend integrated solutions including improved maternal and child health education and medical care combined with general education and sensitization. One of the ways recommended to curb these frightening statistics is to encourage initiatives geared towards promoting education of the girl-child and women.

Any program addressing these issues with women and girl-children must also address these factors with consideration to the male population. Training women and adolescent girls of their rights is inconsequential as long as they men are not involved in the same process.

Therefore:

Programs that address these issues should include:

Programs that promote income generating opportunities and other economic opportunities -for instance Village Saving and Loan Associations (VSLAs) – for women to achieve a greater degree of financial independence – making it easier to avoid abusive relationships and therefore reduce their exposure to HIV/AIDS;
Sensitization of girls and women on the relationship between violence and HIV/AIDS;
Training of law enforcement officials and duty bearers (i.e. first point of contact that community go to when they get problems for instance local leaders, paralegals, the police) on the relationship between violence and AIDS, as well as HIV/AIDS prevention and training on post-exposure medical treatment;
Strengthening of the legal environment to support not only improved legislation but enforcement of existing statutes; and
Involvement of organizations working to reduce gender based violence in organizational structures involved with HIV/AIDS reduction. Literacy and Adult Basic Education, (LABE) is working at the grass roots level to influence cultural change and promote gender equity. LABE is an indigenous NGO committed to bringing functional literacy to Northern Uganda’s underserved populations. With a focus on women and girl children, LABE helped compile and translate audiotapes on HIV/AIDS prevention and then distributed them with radio/tape players to its Adult Learners in communities throughout Gulu, Nwoya and Amuru districts.

Learning forLIFE (L4L) Programs:

Through previous community outreach programs, Learning for Life (L4L) and Learning to Live (NPL), LABE has distributed tapes and tape players to approximately 60 schools and Home learning Centres reaching thousands of remotely located beneficiaries who would otherwise have no access to such information.

Women group in Palenga Sub County, Gulu District listen to HIV/AIDS programme using the radios and tapes supplied by LABE. (LABE Photo).

The content, offered in Acholi, addresses the issues of:

HIV/AIDS prevention
Avoiding early sex and marriages
Encouraging voluntary testing and counseling for HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS care

As an integral part of all of its programs (Mother Tongue Education, L4L and NPL) and in partnership with Straight Talk Foundation, LABE has also distributed pamphlets to each of the schools involved in their programs. Via this partnership alone, roughly 30,000 – 40,000 school children and educational personnel have been reached.

Deep Cultural Change

The process of reducing the spread of HIV/AIDs will require deep cultural change because the issues are not just treatment related, but imbedded in deeply held cultural beliefs and attitudes ranging from education to gender roles.

Grass roots programs such as those offered by LABE, Straight Talk Foundation and others combined with government initiatives, workshops and mentoring both men and women are essential in moving forward.

END

References:

1. UNAIDS/WHO, AIDS Epidemic Update,December 2006, UNAIDS, Geneva, 2007, p. 3.

2. Pan-American Health Organization, “Gender and HIV/AIDS,” Women, Health and Development Programme, Fact Sheet, June 2007.

3. World Bank, Global Monitoring Report, World Bank, Washington DC, 2007, pp. 74-75.

4. Human Rights Watch, Just Die Quietly: Domestic Violence and Women’s Vulnerability to HIV in Uganda, August 2003, pp. 2-40.

The post LABE Tackling Spread of HIV/AIDS through Education appeared first on Nancy Wesson Consulting.

You want me to do WHAT with that?

Nancy — Sun, 06 May 2012 19:29:00 +0000

Aaaaah – rain AND real Mexican food. Life is sometimes good in Uganda. Tonight several of us were invited to dinner by an ex-PCV, returned as a USAID employee. We suggested our version of Mexican food: you know beans cooked by Happy Nest (none of us has enough propane to cook beans for 4 hours), a little taco seasoning, some chapati to serve as surrogate tortillas…. a few toppings. His response, after some silence, “Well I can make tortillas, have you forgotten that I’m Mexican???”

Well yes – I guess I did. No taco seasoning for this man. We were treated to the “full Monty” of the Mexican food world: hand made corn tortillas from maize flour brought from the States, real Mexican rice, beans he cooked, a vat of guacamole (good avocados here) and fresh Talapia – all followed by a shot of Tequila brought from home.

It is surprising the role food plays when you’re away from home. It can either make you nauseous with the constant rehashing of local fare, or light up your life. Tonight was a light-up-your-life night: partially because of the food, but in equal measure, it’s the camaraderie of cooking together and sitting around a table sharing a meal and conversation. His wife is in the States, as he will be shortly, awaiting the birth of their first baby. And because he’s paid real money and lives in an ex-Pat style house (really lovely) with a real kitchen, it was like Christmas. Thank you Drew! We can live another week…

And this to the background of thunder and a little rain. When I returned home (just) the gods were continuing to smile because I have both power and water. Last night power came and went three times before deciding to stay for more than a few thrilling seconds and we have been hauling water for the last week. It’s rainy season! What’s that about anyway?

Last week I spent in Kampala as part of a committee to revise training for new PC-trainees. An OK week, but spent in the confines of the ever-so-luxurious City Annex and at the new PC HQ during the day. New PC digs are pretty nice! No falling down walls, good view, nice light… And in the coming weeks I’ll be going back for Train the Trainer sessions and then to participate in the actual training of the new group in July. Not sure how I feel about all that, but it should be interesting and hopefully training will be improved. Every activity is another month bringing us closer to a year at site – and many say that’s the turning point. There was some discussion today about service in the north being much more stressful than elsewhere in Uganda. Not having lived elsewhere in Uganda, I couldn’t say. But there is truth to the reality of living in a post-conflict region.

There is a lot of grief and trauma in the air here and it is palpable. The people – as I have aid before – are the most gentle of Uganda, but if you are sensitive at all to the vibes of a place, it’s pretty exhausting in a way that doesn’t always make sense from a left-brained perspective. This place shares some of the characteristics of other post-war areas – including post-war Europe. There is a mind-set that develops with so much aid coming in and it’s not always productive or in any one’s best interest. I’m not saying there shouldn’t be help, it just needs to be delivered in a way that promotes skills and not dependency and learned helplessness. That’ a tricky balance and it continues to be illuminating.

In other news – the day before I left for Kampala was the run-up to Labor Day here – a federal holiday – and great preparations were under way for President Museveni’s visit as seen to the left. Roads were receiving a last minute and long overdue face lift; the marching band was practicing…. So I went to hang out and watch the show – practically in my back yard.

It was actually quite an event – lots of locals leaned up against the compound wall to look in. The different personalities of the band members were what was most compelling. The drum section is dominated by women and there was one young woman, about four months pregnant I would say, who was really enjoying herself. Her smile could light up the world and he had a natural sense of rhythm. The woman next to her was on auto pilot, not much going on there. But another could barely contain herself and keep from dancing and breaking into a full-body-grin showing dazzlingly white teeth. In full concentration, she’d stick her tongue out a bit and it was bright pink against her almost purple-black skin.

Periodically, she’d break into her Acholi dancing and then she’d remember herself and just play the drums. At one point, when the completely male brass session needed to practice a bit and was clearly off-course – the women were becoming restless. After about ten minutes of standing around, waiting for the guys to get their act together, the pregnant one just grabbed her sticks, commandeered the all-woman drum section and just took over. They commenced to play full-out drums like they meant business. Wish I’d had my camera; it was a real study. Few Acholis ever get the chance to play a musical instrument, so these men and women represent some of the elite who had to have learned to play in private school somewhere. Hanging out with the neighborhood, it was one of those times I felt really part of the community – a moment of light.

That same morning, friends who put together two camps for young people were found in an exhausted heap at the Coffee Hut after the camp finished last week. There were two camps, totaling about 150 teenagers – girl’s and boy’s camps running simultaneously, but at and separate locations. An heroic undertaking to be sure – teaching life skills, business skills, health, etc. My hat’s off to those who volunteered for this because I am a coward. Personally, I’d rather drink bleach than be trapped with 75 pubescent girls (or boys) sleeping in dormitories and eating beans and Posho for a week. But those who did it said (after recovering from exhaustion, stomach maladies, sunburn and colds) – it was a great event. Give me a storm at sea any day…

One of the topics for the girls was how to put on a condom…. Provided with 8-10 inch wooden penises with equally impressive girth on which to practice (you want me to do WHAT with that?), PCVs taught rooms full of young women how to properly dress a penis. I’m still not sure if they were either scaring the daylights out of them or cruelly raising their expectations, but that is where your tax dollars are going folks. And I have to say it’s one of the better uses from many perspectives.

Ten years ago there were 20 million people in Uganda – today, there are 34 million. You get my point. There was also voluntary HIV/Aids testing…. The other upside of condom usage – HIV reduction. From the looks of the streets in Gulu, the use-a-condom campaign is working. ‘Nuf said. Except that we were given a foot long strip of them in our medical kits and why were they were packaged in camouflage design? No doubt so no one can find them in the out-back?

And on that note of query, I’m off to bed.

The post You want me to do WHAT with that? appeared first on Nancy Wesson Consulting.